Plagiarism and Fabrication

Plagiarism is the unacknowledged copying or an attempt to misattribute original authorship, whether of ideas, text, or results. As defined by the Office of Research Integrity (ORI), plagiarism can include 'theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and the substantial unattributed textual copying of another's work.' Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been copied and pasted without appropriate and unambiguous attribution. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in an Emres journal. Aside from wholesale verbatim reuse of text, due care must be taken to ensure appropriate attribution and citation when paraphrasing and summarizing the work of others. 'Text recycling,' or the reuse of parts of text from an author's previous research publication, is a form of self-plagiarism. Here too, due caution must be exercised. When reusing text, whether from the author's own publication or that of others, appropriate attribution and citation are necessary to avoid creating a misleading perception of unique contribution for the reader.

Duplicate publication occurs when an author reuses substantial parts of their own published work without providing the appropriate references. This can range from publishing an identical paper in multiple journals to only adding a small amount of new data to a previously published paper.

Emres journal editors assess all such cases on their individual merits. When plagiarism becomes evident post-publication, we may correct or retract the original publication depending on the degree of plagiarism, context within the published article, and its impact on the overall integrity of the published study.